<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<journal>
<title>Iranian South Medical Journal</title>
<title_fa>مجله طب جنوب</title_fa>
<short_title>Iran South Med J</short_title>
<subject>Medical Sciences</subject>
<web_url>http://ismj.bpums.ac.ir</web_url>
<journal_hbi_system_id>57</journal_hbi_system_id>
<journal_hbi_system_user>journal57</journal_hbi_system_user>
<journal_id_issn>1735-4374</journal_id_issn>
<journal_id_issn_online>1735-6954</journal_id_issn_online>
<journal_id_pii></journal_id_pii>
<journal_id_doi>10.61882/ismj</journal_id_doi>
<journal_id_iranmedex></journal_id_iranmedex>
<journal_id_magiran></journal_id_magiran>
<journal_id_sid></journal_id_sid>
<journal_id_nlai></journal_id_nlai>
<journal_id_science></journal_id_science>
<language>fa</language>
<pubdate>
	<type>jalali</type>
	<year>1405</year>
	<month>7</month>
	<day>1</day>
</pubdate>
<pubdate>
	<type>gregorian</type>
	<year>2026</year>
	<month>10</month>
	<day>1</day>
</pubdate>
<volume>29</volume>
<number>5</number>
<publish_type>online</publish_type>
<publish_edition>1</publish_edition>
<article_type>fulltext</article_type>
<articleset>
	<article>


	<language>other</language>
	<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
	<title_fa>نقش عصاره هیدروالکلی خارپنبه (Onopordon leptolepis) در مهار آنزیم‌های کلیدی دیابت و بهبود عملکرد سلول‌های بتای پانکراس</title_fa>
	<title>The Role of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Onopordon leptolepis in Inhibiting Key Diabetes-Related Enzymes and Improving Pancreatic Beta-Cell Function</title>
	<subject_fa>عمومى</subject_fa>
	<subject>General</subject>
	<content_type_fa>پژوهشي</content_type_fa>
	<content_type>Original</content_type>
	<abstract_fa>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:12pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;direction:rtl&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;unicode-bidi:embed&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#1f4e79&quot;&gt;زمینه:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;مهار آنزیم&#8204;های گوارشی مرتبط با هضم کربوهیدرات&#8204;ها و بهبود عملکرد سلول&#8204;های &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;&amp;beta;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt; از اهداف مهم در توسعه داروهای ضد دیابتی است. گیاه &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;Onopordon leptolepis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt; (خارپنبه) به دلیل داشتن ترکیبات فنلی و فلاونوئیدی، از پتانسیل بالای درمانی برخوردار است. هدف این مطالعه بررسی اثرات مهاری عصاره هیدروالکلی خارپنبه بر آنزیم&#8204;های &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;&amp;alpha;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;_آمیلاز، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;&amp;alpha;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;_گلوکوزیداز و پروتئین تیروزین فسفاتاز ۱&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;B&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;(PTP۱B)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;و نیز اثر آن بر زنده&#8204;مانی، ترشح انسولین و بیان ژن&#8204;های مرتبط با عملکرد سلول&#8204;های &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;&amp;beta;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt; بود.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:12pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;direction:rtl&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;unicode-bidi:embed&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#1f4e79&quot;&gt;مواد و روش&#8204;ها:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;عصاره هیدروالکلی گیاه تهیه و فعالیت آنتی&#8204;اکسیدانی آن سنجیده شد. اثر عصاره بر فعالیت آنزیم&#8204;های &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&amp;alpha;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;-آمیلاز، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&amp;alpha;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;-گلوکوزیداز و &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;PTP۱B&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt; ارزیابی گردید. رده سلولی &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;RIN-۵F&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt; در شرایط استاندارد کشت داده شد و اثر عصاره بر زنده&#8204;مانی سلول&#8204;ها، ترشح انسولین و بیان ژن&#8204;های &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;INS I&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;INS II&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;IRS-I&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;IRS-II&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt; و &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;IRS-III&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt; بررسی شد.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:12pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;direction:rtl&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;unicode-bidi:embed&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#1f4e79&quot;&gt;یافته&#8204;ها:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;عصاره خارپنبه فعالیت رادیکال&#8204;های آزاد را به&#8204;صورت وابسته به غلظت کاهش داد (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;۰&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;/۰۵&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;P&amp;le;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;). مهار قابل توجهی در فعالیت آنزیم&#8204;های &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;&amp;alpha;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;-آمیلاز، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;&amp;alpha;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;-گلوکوزیداز و &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;PTP۱B&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt; مشاهده شد (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;۰&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;/۰۵&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;P&amp;le;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;). عصاره در غلظت&#8204;های &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;۲۵&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt; و &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;۵۰&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt; میکروگرم/ میلی&#8204;لیتر موجب افزایش ترشح انسولین شد (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;۰&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;/۰۵&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;P&amp;le;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;). همچنین بیان ژن&#8204;های &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;INS I&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;INS II&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;IRS-I&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;IRS-II&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt; و &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;IRS-III&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt; در پاسخ به عصاره به&#8204;طور معنی&#8204;داری بعد از تیمار افزایش یافت (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;۵&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;/۰۵&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;P&amp;le;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:12pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;direction:rtl&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;unicode-bidi:embed&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#1f4e79&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;نتیجه&#8204;گیری:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;عصاره هیدروالکلی خارپنبه از طریق مهار آنزیم&#8204;های کلیدی تنظیم&#8204;کننده گلوکز، کاهش رادیکال&#8204;های آزاد و تقویت عملکرد و بیان ژن&#8204;های مرتبط با سلول&#8204;های &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;&amp;beta;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0d0d0d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;، اثرات ضد دیابتی معنی&#8204;داری نشان می&#8204;دهد.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</abstract_fa>
	<abstract>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:12pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:9.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#002060&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:.1pt&quot;&gt;Background:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:8.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#404040&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;Inhibition of enzymes involved in carbohydrate digestion, coupled with improvement of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:8.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#404040&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;&amp;beta;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:8.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#404040&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;-cell function, represents a primary objective in the development of antidiabetic medications. The plant Onopordon leptolepis (cotton thistle) exhibits high therapeutic potential due to its phenolic and flavonoid compounds. The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of cotton thistle on the enzymes &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:8.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#404040&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;&amp;alpha;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:8.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#404040&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;-amylase, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:8.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#404040&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;&amp;alpha;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:8.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#404040&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;-glucosidase and Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), as well as its effect on cell viability, insulin secretion and expression of genes related to &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:8.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#404040&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;&amp;beta;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:8.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#404040&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;-cell function.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:12pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:9.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#002060&quot;&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:8.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#404040&quot;&gt;A hydroalcoholic extract of the plant was prepared, and its antioxidant activity was measured. The inhibitory effects of the extract on the activities of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:8.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#404040&quot;&gt;&amp;alpha;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:8.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#404040&quot;&gt;-amylase, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:8.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#404040&quot;&gt;&amp;alpha;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:8.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#404040&quot;&gt;-glucosidase and PTP1B enzymes were evaluated. RIN-5F cell line was cultured under standard conditions to assess the effect of the extract on cell viability, insulin secretion and expression of INS I, INS II, IRS-I, IRS-II and IRS-III genes.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:12pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:9.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#002060&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:-.1pt&quot;&gt;Results:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:8.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#404040&quot;&gt;Cotton thistle extract reduced the activity of free radicals in a concentration-dependent manner (p &amp;le; 0.05). Significant inhibition of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:8.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#404040&quot;&gt;&amp;alpha;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:8.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#404040&quot;&gt;-amylase, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:8.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#404040&quot;&gt;&amp;alpha;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:8.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#404040&quot;&gt;-glucosidase and PTP1B enzyme activities was observed (p &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:8.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;___WRD_EMBED_SUB_76&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#404040&quot;&gt;&amp;le;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:8.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#404040&quot;&gt; 0.05). Furthermore, treatment with the extract at concentrations of 25 and 50 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:8.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#404040&quot;&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:8.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#404040&quot;&gt;g/ml increased insulin secretion (p &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:8.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;___WRD_EMBED_SUB_76&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#404040&quot;&gt;&amp;le;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:8.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#404040&quot;&gt; 0.05). Also, the expression of INS I, INS II, IRS-I, IRS-II and IRS-III genes significantly increased after treatment with the extract (p &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:8.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;___WRD_EMBED_SUB_76&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#404040&quot;&gt;&amp;le;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:8.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#404040&quot;&gt; 0.05).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:12pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:9.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#002060&quot;&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:8.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#404040&quot;&gt;Cotton thistle hydroalcoholic extract shows significant antidiabetic effects by inhibiting key glucose-regulating enzymes, reducing free radicals and enhancing the function and expression of genes related to &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:8.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#404040&quot;&gt;&amp;beta;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:8.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:115%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&amp;quot;IRANSans&amp;quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#404040&quot;&gt; cells.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing:.1pt&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</abstract>
	<keyword_fa>دیابت, گیاهان دارویی, انسولین, آنتی اکسیدان, خارپنبه</keyword_fa>
	<keyword>Diabetes, Medicinal Plants, Insulin, Antioxidant, Cotton Thistle</keyword>
	<start_page>271</start_page>
	<end_page>284</end_page>
	<web_url>http://ismj.bpums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1115-105&amp;slc_lang=other&amp;sid=1</web_url>


<author_list>
	<author>
	<first_name>Mitra </first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Bakhtiari </last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa>میترا</first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa>بختیاری</last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email></email>
	<code>5700319475328460021479</code>
	<orcid>5700319475328460021479</orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation>Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. </affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa>گروه علوم تشریح، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه، کرمانشاه، ایران</affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


	<author>
	<first_name>Mona </first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Pazhouhi </last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa>مونا</first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa>پژوهی</last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email></email>
	<code>5700319475328460021480</code>
	<orcid>5700319475328460021480</orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation>Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran</affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa>گروه علوم تشریح، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه، کرمانشاه، ایران</affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


	<author>
	<first_name>Mohammad Hossein </first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Estehghari </last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa>محمد حسین</first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa>استحقاری</last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email></email>
	<code>5700319475328460021481</code>
	<orcid>5700319475328460021481</orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation>Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran</affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa>کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه، کرمانشاه، ایران</affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


	<author>
	<first_name>Cyrus </first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Jalili </last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa>سیروس</first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa>جلیلی</last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email>cjalili@kums.ac.com</email>
	<code>5700319475328460021482</code>
	<orcid>5700319475328460021482</orcid>
	<coreauthor>Yes
</coreauthor>
	<affiliation>Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Research Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Scienc-es, Kermanshah, Iran</affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa>مرکز تحقیقات زیست‌شناسی پزشکی، پژوهشکده فناوری سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه، کرمانشاه، ایران</affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


</author_list>


	</article>
</articleset>
</journal>
