fa بررسی وضعیت مصرف مکمل آهن و عوامل مرتبط با آن در کودکان زیر 2 سال بر اساس مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی در شهر بوشهر، سال 1402 علوم و تغذیه Science and nutrition پژوهشي Original <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#1f4e79">زمینه:</span></span></span></span></b> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">شایع‌ترین مشکل تغذیه‌ای در کودکان، کم‌خونی فقر آهن است. علی‌رغم اجرای برنامه‌های مختلف، هنوز این مشکل مرتفع نگردیده و شیوع آن در کودکان زیر 6 سال ایرانی 18/2 درصد می‌باشد. مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی عوامل مرتبط با مصرف قطره آهن در کودکان ۶ تا ۲۴ ماهه بر اساس مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی انجام شد.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#1f4e79">مواد و روش‌ها:</span></span></span></span></b><b> </b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d">پژوهش حاضر با طراحی مقطعی و با روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده در سال 1402 در پایگاه‌های سلامت بوشهر انجام گرفت. 298 مادر دارای کودک 6 تا 24 ماهه مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. پرسشنامه‌های عمومی، تخصصی و مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی تکمیل شد. داده‌ها توسط نرم‌افزار </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d">SPSS</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"> ویرایش 21 مورد آنالیز آماری قرار گرفت.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#1f4e79">یافته‌ها:</span></span></span></span></b> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">از میان 298 کودک بررسی شده،<b> </b></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">67/8</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">&nbsp;درصد مکمل آهن مصرف می‌کردند. فراموشی با 20/2 درصد و سپس عدم پذیرش کودک با </span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">18</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">/4 درصد، به‌عنوان بیشترین علل عدم مصرف قطره آهن، گزارش شد. همچنین نتایج آنالیز لجستیک چند متغیره نشان داد که سن کودک (0/87=</span></span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">OR</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">، 0/001></span></span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">P</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">) و موانع درک شده </span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">(0/97=</span></span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">OR</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">، 0/004=</span></span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">P</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">)</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"> با مصرف قطره آهن ارتباط معکوس و تحصیلات مادر (0</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">/047</span></span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">P=</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">)</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">، آگاهی (1/02=</span></span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">OR</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">، 0/032=</span></span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">P</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">) و همچنین عملکرد (1/13=</span></span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">OR</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">، 0/001></span></span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">P</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">)، با مصرف قطره آهن ارتباط مستقیم دارد. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <b><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#1f4e79">نتیجه‌گیری:</span></span></span></b> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d">حدود یک سوم کودکان 6 تا 24 ماهه مراجعه کننده به پایگاه‌های سلامت شهر بوشهر از قطره آهن به شکل منظم استفاده نمی‌کنند. بر اساس نتایج این مطالعه و بهره‌گیری از مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی، جهت بهبود این وضعیت بایستی ارتقای سطح آگاهی مادران و کاهش موانع موجود در اولویت سیاست‌گذاری‌های سلامت باشد.</span></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#002060">Background:</span></span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#404040">Iron deficiency anemia is the most common nutritional problem among children. Despite the implementation of various programs, this problem has not yet been resolved and its prevalence in Iranian children under six years old has been reported to be 18.2%. The present study aimed to investigate factors associated with iron drop consumption in children aged 6 to 24 months based on the health belief model.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#002060">Materials and Methods:</span></span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">The present cross-sectional study was conducted in 2023 at health centers in Bushehr, Iran. A total of 298 mothers with children aged 6 to 24 months were selected for this study through simple random sampling method. Data were collected using general, specialized and health belief model questionnaires administered through interviews. The collected data were statistically analyzed in SPSS 21.</span></span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#404040"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#002060">Results:</span></span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">Among the 298 children studied, 67.8% were regularly taking iron supplements. The most commonly reported reasons for non-compliance were maternal forgetfulness (20.2%) and then child&#39;s refusal (18.4%). Also, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the child&#39;s age (P < 0.001, OR= 0.87) and perceived barriers (P = 0.004, OR=0.97) were inversely related to iron drop consumption. In contrast, maternal education (p = 0.047), awareness (P = 0.032, OR= 1.02), and performance (P < 0.001, OR=1.13) showed positive association with iron drop consumption.</span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#404040"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#002060">Conclusion:</span></span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">Approximately one-third of the children aged 6 to 24 months who visit health centers in Bushehr did not use iron drops regularly. Based on the results of this study and the health belief model, improving maternal awareness and reducing existing barriers should be a priority for health policymakers in order to improve adherence to iron supplementation in early childhood</span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="letter-spacing:.1pt">.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div> مکمل یاری آهن, قطره آهن, کودکان ۶ تا ۲۴ ماهه, کم‌خونی فقر آهن, مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی Iron supplementation, iron drops, 6 to 24 months old children, Iron deficiency anemia, Health belief model 433 443 http://ismj.bpums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1115-43&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Hadi Emamat سید محمدهادی امامت 5700319475328460018598 5700319475328460018598 No Addiction and Lifestyle Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran<br>Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bu-shehr, Iran مرکز تحقیقات اعتیاد و سبک زندگی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بوشهر، بوشهر، ایران<br>گروه علوم تغذیه، دانشکده بهداشت و تغذیه، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بوشهر، بوشهر، ایران Marzieh Mahmoodi مرضیه محمودی 5700319475328460018599 5700319475328460018599 No Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bu-shehr, Iran گروه علوم تغذیه، دانشکده بهداشت و تغذیه، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بوشهر، بوشهر، ایران Fahimeh Eftekhari فهیمه افتخاری 5700319475328460018600 5700319475328460018600 No Student Research and Technology Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran کمیته تحقیقات و فناوری دانشجویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بوشهر، بوشهر، ایران Kosar rouydel کوثر روی‌دل 5700319475328460018601 5700319475328460018601 No Student Research and Technology Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran کمیته تحقیقات و فناوری دانشجویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بوشهر، بوشهر، ایران Sogand Saadatmand سوگند سعادتمند 5700319475328460018602 5700319475328460018602 No Student Research and Technology Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran کمیته تحقیقات و فناوری دانشجویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بوشهر، بوشهر، ایران S.Mansoureh Safavi سیده منصوره صفوی 5700319475328460018603 5700319475328460018603 No Student Research and Technology Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran کمیته تحقیقات و فناوری دانشجویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بوشهر، بوشهر، ایران Erfan Javanmardi عرفان جوانمردی 5700319475328460018604 5700319475328460018604 No Clinical Research Development Center, Persian Gulf Martyrs Hospital, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran واحد توسعه تحقیقات بالینی، بیمارستان شهدای خلیج‌فارس، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بوشهر، بوشهر، ایران Hadith Tangestani حدیث تنگستانی Hadith.tangestani@gmail.com 5700319475328460018605 5700319475328460018605 Yes Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bu-shehr, Iran گروه علوم تغذیه، دانشکده بهداشت و تغذیه، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بوشهر، بوشهر، ایران