per
Bushehr University of Medical Sciences
Iranian South Medical Journal
1735-4374
1735-6954
2012-09
15
3
161
170
article
Histopathological and stereological studies of soybean hydroalcoholic extract effects on the rat ovary
Shohreh Parvin Jahromi
o@jia.ac.ir
1
Shahla Zahiri
2
Amir Ashkan Mahjoor
3
Nahleh Ahsan nia
4
Danial Safarpour
5
School of Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom Branch, Jahrom, IRAN
Research Center of stereology and morphometry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Fars, IRAN
School of Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom Branch, Jahrom, IRAN
School of Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom Branch, Jahrom, IRAN
Young Researchers Club, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Alborz, IRAN
Background: Soybean is known as a rich resource of phytoestrogens. These compounds have antioxidant, anti cancerous and estrogenic effects. This research was performed to evaluate the effect of hydro alcoholic extract of soybean on ovarian tissue from histopathologic and stereologiclogic aspects. Maretials and Methods: 40 adult Spraque-Dawley female rats with age range about 10 weeks and randomly divided into five groups including control, sham and experiments 1, 2 and 3. The animals of experimental groups received soybean hydro alcoholic extract at doses of 30, 60, and 120 mg/kg for 25 days respectively in oral form. The sham group received distilled water. After anesthetizing, right ovaries were been dissected and weighted, afterthat processing of tissues was done based on histological and stereological studies. Qualitative histological studies were performed by H&E and Masson’s Trichrome staining methods. In stereological studies, ovarian volume was determined by Cavalieri method. Determination of follicular percentage and corpus luteum were calculated in all groups. Results: Our finding showed that administration of soybean extract had not significant changes percentage of preantral and graafian follicles, corpus luteum, and ovarian volume in the experimental and sham regarding to the control group. Ovary weight in the experimental group 1increased significantly. Percentage of antral follicle in experimental group 3 was elevated significantly. Atretic follicle in all experimental groups decreased significantly (p≤0.05). No histological change was showed in histopathological studies. Conclusion: The results showed that decrease in atretic follicle percentage and increase in antral follicle percentage is positive effects in this phenomenon. Considering beneficial effects of soybean on most body systems, it seems that its consumption in balanced doses in a diet.
http://ismj.bpums.ac.ir/article-1-331-en.pdf
soybean
ovary
stereology
histopathology
rat
per
Bushehr University of Medical Sciences
Iranian South Medical Journal
1735-4374
1735-6954
2012-09
15
3
171
182
article
The effect of 8 weeks of endurance training on hypothalamic Nesfatin-1 gene expression and its concentration in male rats
Abbas Ghanbari Niaki
ghanbara@umz.ac.ir
1
Fatemeh Hosseinpour
2
Rozita Fathi
3
Alireza Safai-Kenari
4
Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Mazandaran, IRAN
Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Mazandaran, IRAN
Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Mazandaran, IRAN
Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Mazandaran, IRAN
Background: Hypothalamus is mentioned as the major center of appetite and energy balance. Physical activity and the exersice are able to disturb the energy balance to negative. Nesfatin-1 is a regulating neuropeptide that is produced by hypothalamus and has an important role in establishing energy balance. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of endurance training regimen on nesfatin-1 gene expression and its concentration in the male rat hypothalamus. Materials and Methods: Eleven adult wistar male rats (8-10 week old, 130-145g) assigned into control(C, n=5) and training (E, n=6) groups. Training group was given exercise on a motor-driven treadmill (20m/min, 0% grade, 60 min/session, 5days/week for 8 weeks). Rats were sacrificed 72h after the last training session and then the hypothalamus tissue was excised for determination of nesfatin-1 gene expression and its concentration by RT-PCR & ELIZA methods, respectively. Four hours before the experiment the food not tap water was removed from the animal cages. Data was analyzed by using an independent t-student test. Results: The current results indicated that the levels of nesfatin-1 gene expression and its concentration, ATP, and glycogen concentrations were non-significantly lower in trained group when compared with control group. Conclusion: This research showed for the first time, that a low-intensity exercises, decreases nesfatin-1 expression and concentration in the hypothalamus, which accompanied insignificant reduction in energy source. It seems that in the present research, the exercise has had the same fasting and being hungry like effect on nesfatin-1 expression and concentration in the hypothalamus.
http://ismj.bpums.ac.ir/article-1-332-en.pdf
Nesfatin-1
Nucleobindin-2
anorexigenic protein
gene expression
male rat
per
Bushehr University of Medical Sciences
Iranian South Medical Journal
1735-4374
1735-6954
2012-09
15
3
183
192
article
Molecular identification of oxalate-degrading lactobacillus in patients with calcium oxalate urolithiasis
Mohammad Kargar
mkargar@jia.ac.ir
1
Rouhi Afkari
2
Reza Inallo
3
Mehdi Kargar
4
Sadegh Ghorbani-Dalini
5
Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, IRAN
Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, IRAN
Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Fars, IRAN
Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Fars, IRAN
Jahrom Branch, Young Researcher’s Club, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, IRAN
Background: Excessive use of diets with high level of oxalate causes an increase in urinary oxalate and leads to the formation of oxalate calcium stone. The aim of this study was evaluation and isolation of an oxalate-degrading bacterium in patients with kidney calcium oxalate stone. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional-descriptive study was carried out on stool and urine samples of 100 healthy individuals and 100 patients with calcium oxalate stone disease in Motahari hospital of Jahrom. The Oxalate-degrading bacteria enriched and cultured in specific medium and were identified by using biochemical tests and 16S rRNA molecular method. Moreover, the presence of oxc and frc genes in isolated bacteria was detected. Results: Lactobacilli were isolated from 80% of healthy individuals and 48% of patients with calcium oxalate stone disease. In 60(46.88%) cases of lactobacilli, oxc gene and 14 (10.94%) cases, frc genes were identified. There was a significant difference between level of urinary oxalate in patients with kidney stone and healthy individuals. But, oxalate – degrading lactobacilli colonization were significantly higher in healthy individuals in comparison with patients with kidney stone. Conclusion: Since the reduction of oxalate- degrading bacteria is one of the reasons of hyperoxaluria and urolithiasis, using these bacteria is recommended for reducing kidney stones.
http://ismj.bpums.ac.ir/article-1-333-en.pdf
oxalate-degrading bacteria
lactobacilli
calcium oxalate
kidney stone
per
Bushehr University of Medical Sciences
Iranian South Medical Journal
1735-4374
1735-6954
2012-09
15
3
193
200
article
Comparison of the effect of clomiphene citrate and the letrozole for ovulation induction in infertile women with polycystic ovarian syndrome
Elham Rahmani
بوشهر، دانشکده پزشکي، دانشگاه علوم پزشکي بوشهر
1
Shahnaz Ahmadi
2
Niloofar Motamed
3
Hesamoldin Maneshi
4
Soghra Ghasemi
5
School of Medicine, Bushehr University of medical science, Bushehr, IRAN
School of Medicine, Bushehr University of medical science, Bushehr, IRAN
The Persian Gulf for Nuclear Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, IRAN
Bushehr University of medical science, Bushehr, IRAN
School of Medicine, Bushehr University of medical science, Bushehr, IRAN
Background: Anovulation is one of the most common causes of infertility. Different drugs in variousroutes are prescribed for its treatment. Clomiphene citrate (Clomiphene) and Letrozole are categorized as ovulation induction drugs. In the present study, the effect of Clomiphene and Letrozole, using step up method, is compared with each other in the treatment of infertility. Materials and Methods: In a randomized controlled clinical trial, 200 infertile patients with anovulation referred to infertility clinic of Bushehr University of Medical Sciences during 2008-2010 were studied in two equal groups. Informed written consent was obtained from all patients. For patients in each group, Letrozole or Clomiphene was prescribed from the third day of menstruation for five days in an increasing protocol of one, two and three tablets. Ovulation and endometrial thickness were evaluated by ultrasonography in 13th-14th days and pregnancy was confirmed by ßHCG. Results: There were nosignificant differences regarding baseline demographic and fertility variables between two groups (p value> 0.05). Follicle formation (P value = 0.9), pregnancy rate (clomiphene 14.54% and letrozole 12.26%, P value=0.19), abortion rate and drug side effects were similar between two groups (p value> 0.05). In letrozole group, endometrial thickness was significantly lesser than clomiphene group. Estradiol level per follicle was higher in letrozole group (108.3+17.44) in comparison with clomiphene group (172.4+20.33) (P value< 0.0001). Conclusion: It seems that clomiphene and letrozole effectiveness in treating infertility due to anovulation are the same. Moreover, they are similar in ovulation induction and pregnancy rate. Considering patient compliance, cost and drug side effects one.
http://ismj.bpums.ac.ir/article-1-334-en.pdf
clomiphene
letrozole
polycystic ovarian syndrome
infertility
per
Bushehr University of Medical Sciences
Iranian South Medical Journal
1735-4374
1735-6954
2012-09
15
3
201
208
article
Absorbed dose calculation from beta and gamma rays of 131I in ellipsoidal thyroid and other organs of neck with MCNPX code
Mohammad Mirzaie
mirzaei@phd.pnu.ac.ir
1
Ali Asghar Mowlavi
2
Saeed Mohammadi
3
Hossein Mirshekarpour
4
School of Sciences, Sabzevar Tarbat Moallem University, Khorasan, IRAN
School of Sciences, Payam Nour University of Mashhad, Khorasan, IRAN
School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IRAN
Background: The 131I radioisotope is used for diagnosis and treatment of hyperthyroidism and thyroid cancer. In optimized Iodine therapy, a specific dose must be reached to the thyroid gland with minimum radiation to the cervical spine, cervical vertebrae, neck tissue, subcutaneous fat and skin. Dose measurement inside the alive organ is difficult therefore the aim of this research was dose calculation in the organs by MCNPX code. Materials and Methods: First of all, the input file for MCNPX code has been prepared to calculate F6 and F8 tallies for ellipsoidal thyroid lobes with long axes is tow times of short axes which the 131I is distributed uniformly inside the lobes. Then the code has been run for F6 and F8 tallies for variation of lobe volume from 1 to 25 milliliters. From the output file of tally F6, the gamma absorbed dose in ellipsoidal thyroid, spinal neck, neck bone, neck tissue, subcutaneous fat layer and skin for the volume lobe variation from 1 ml to 25 ml have been derived and the graphs are drew. As well as, form the output of F8 tally the absorbed energy of beta in thyroid and soft tissue of neck is obtained and listed in the table and then absorbed dose of bate has been calculated. Results: The results of this research show that for constant activity in thyroid, the absorbed dose of gamma decreases about 88.3% in thyroid, 6.9% at soft tissue, 19.3% in adipose layer and 17.4% in skin, but it increases 32.1% in spinal of neck and 32.3% in neck bone when the lobe volume varied from 1 to 25 milliliters. For the same situation, the beta absorbed dose decreases 95.9% in thyroid and 64.2% in soft tissue. Conclusion: For the constant activity in thyroid by increasing the thyroid volume, absorbed dose of gamma in thyroid and soft tissue of neck, adipose layer under the skin and skin of neck decreased, but it increased at spinal of neck and neck bone. Also, by increasing of the lobe volume in constant activity, the beta absorbed dose reduced. Therefore, whatever the thyroid lobe is small the administered value of 131I increased to induce the suitable dose.
http://ismj.bpums.ac.ir/article-1-335-en.pdf
iodine radioisotopes
dosimetry
MCNPX code
thyroid gland
ellipsoid
per
Bushehr University of Medical Sciences
Iranian South Medical Journal
1735-4374
1735-6954
2012-09
15
3
209
220
article
Evaluation of bone mineral density in urban girls of Kawar-Fars
Marjan Jeddi
1
Mohammad Jafar Roosta
2
Mohammad Hossein Dabbaghmanesh
3
Zahra Bagheri
4
Maryam Ansari Lari
5
Ranjbar Omrani
hormone@sums.ac.ir
6
School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Fars, IRAN
School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Fars, IRAN
School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Fars, IRAN
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Fars, IRAN
School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Fars, IRAN
School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Fars, IRAN
Background: Normal bone structure is formed in childhood and adolescence. Any problem of bone formation at these stages will lead to significant osteoporosis and its complications in adulthood. Genetic factors are the most important factors in skeletal development. This study aimed to evaluate the bone mineral density and it's interfering factors in Iranian girls of Kawar of Fars. Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional study 235 healthy girls of Kawar of Fars aged 9-18 years old participated and they underwent Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) scanning of lumbar spine, femoral neck and total body. The LMS method was applied to calculate smoothed BMC, BMD and BMAD for age related centiles. Results: Maximum accretion of BMC and BMD was at ages of 11 to 13 and according to 3rd, 25th, 50th, 75th and 97th percentile, BMC and BMD of all sites were increasing with a rather fixed rate up to the age of 15 and then after it increased very slowly. Conclusion: This study is the first study for normative data of BMC and BMD of Iranian girls and showed that BMC accretion of these girls was slower, but BMD accretion was greater than the girls of the other parts of the world. Absolute amount of bone mineral content in Iranian girls was lower than Indian, Lebanese and Asian girls of USA. Also weight and puberty were the two most important factors efficacious on BMD of the Iranian girls (of Kawar). Further research to evaluate the evolution of bone mineral density in Iranian children and adolescents is needed to identify the reasons for the significant differences in bone density values between our Iranian population and their Asian counterparts.
http://ismj.bpums.ac.ir/article-1-336-en.pdf
Bone Mineral Density (BMD)
childhood
adolescence
Bone Mineral Content (BMC)
per
Bushehr University of Medical Sciences
Iranian South Medical Journal
1735-4374
1735-6954
2012-09
15
3
221
232
article
Prevalence of overweight and obesity among Bushehrian high-school girls at aged 14-17 years old
Masoomeh Mohamadpour Koldeh
amadpour@bpums.ac.ir
1
Morad Ali Fouladvand
2
Mehran Avakh Keysami
3
School of Para Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, IRAN
Technical and Vocational Higher Education Center of Jihad-Agriculture Ministry, Bushehr, IRAN
Background: The prevalence of obesity in recent decades gets more and is considered as common nutritional health problem in developing and developed countries. Obesity is known as risk factor for a lot of chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, CVA, cardiovascular diseases and cancers. Childhood and adolescent obesity is important indicator and determinant of adulthood obesity. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of obesity and overweight in high school girls in Bushehr city. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 500 high school girls (14-17 years old) by using layer sampling method. Data collection included interview with the girls about demographic, social, economic, medical history, physical activity and anthropometric measurements (weight, height) for BMI calculation based on CDC Standard BMI. Percentile under 5 percent considered as underweight, BMI percentile between the 85-95 considered as overweight and percentile above 95 was considered obese. Results: The prevalence of obesity, overweight and underweight in this study were 7.1, 14.5 and 2.9 percent respectively. Obesity and overweight were significantly correlated with educationTjobs of parents and physical activity of girls. In the obese girls 58.3 had activity rate less than 30 minutes daily, 25 percent of samples had TV watching more than 4 hours, 50 percent consumed snacks twice per day and 38.9 percent reported obesity in first-degree relatives respectively. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that the prevalence of obesity and overweight in high school girls were less than similar global studies but more than domestically research studies. Giving information to high school girls and their families, especially mothers about risk factors of obesity, to improve physical activity and nutritional behaviors is recommended.
http://ismj.bpums.ac.ir/article-1-337-en.pdf
obesity
overweight
high school girls
BMI
physical activity
per
Bushehr University of Medical Sciences
Iranian South Medical Journal
1735-4374
1735-6954
2012-09
15
3
233
240
article
Assessment of risk factors associated with bedsores in patients admitted to Fatemeh Zahra & Salman Farsi Hospitals in Boushehr by using the braden indices (2007-2008)
Tayebeh Jamand
1
Sherafat Akaberian
2
Rozita Khoramroodi
3
Shahnaz Pooladi
4
Abdollah Hajivandi
5
Razyeh Bagherzadeh
r.bagherzadeh@bpums.ac.ir
6
Tayebeh Gharibi
7
Mohammad Reza Yazdankhah
8
Nasrin Zahmatkeshan
9
Farahnaz Kamali
10
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, IRAN
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, IRAN
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, IRAN
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, IRAN
School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, IRAN
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, IRAN
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, IRAN
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, IRAN
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, IRAN
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, IRAN
Background: Bedsore is common scene to those who take care of bedridden patients. Bedsore is the cause of morbidity, mortality, heavy expenses, and decrease of life quality to the patients. Using some indicators to predict bedsore would be helpful in recognizing this phenomenon to prevent its development. Therefore, the current study is an assessment of bedsore by using Braden index. It is anticipated that this study could be applicable in prevention of bedsores in bedridden patients. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was done to determine the value of Braden scale in assessment of bedsore factors in 222 patients admitted to the ICU, and surgical wards in Fatemeh Zahra and Salman Farsi hospitals in Bushehr-Iran. Data collection tools included demographic questionnaire and Braden scale. Demographic questionnaire and Braden scale were completed for all the research units. Patients were examined for bedsores at regular intervals until discharge from hospital. Presence of bedsores and the time of bedsore development were registered. Data was analyzed by STATA and SPSS ver. 13 softwares, ROC CURP, T test and X2. Results: Out of 222 subjects 14% (31 patients) suffered from bedsores 18 male (12.7%) and 13 female (16.3%). The most prevalent sites for bedsor were heel and sacrom (30%). The effect of weight, age and sex was insignificant among the patients with bedsores compared to the patients without bedsores (p=0.293, p= 0.576, p=0.867). The effect of bed on bedsore was insignificant (p=0.739). The effect of smoking on bedsore was insignificant (p=0.738). Walking (p=0.03), and movement of limbs (p=0.001) were two braden indices which showed significant relationship with bedsore development. By using STATA, score 14 of Braden scale was recognized as best point for bedsore prediction (sensitivity 52%, and specifity 61%). Conclusion: Although all the indices of Braden scale cannot be used to predict bedsore, but some of them can be used by nurses and those who take care of bedridden patients to predict this debilitating and mortal phenomenon.
http://ismj.bpums.ac.ir/article-1-338-en.pdf
bedsore
Braden scale
risk factor
prediction
per
Bushehr University of Medical Sciences
Iranian South Medical Journal
1735-4374
1735-6954
2012-09
15
3
241
248
article
Reported 5 cases of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Fars province in 2011
Fatemeh Rezaei
kav_vagir@sums.ac.ir
1
Ahmad Rezazadeh
2
Mohsen Moghaddami
3
Alireza Ahmadizadeh
4
Fatemeh Rezazadeh
5
School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Fars, IRAN
School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Fars, IRAN
School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Fars, IRAN
School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Fars, IRAN
School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Fars, IRAN
Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is a viral hemorrhagic disease and a zoonosis disease that has been developed in people who deal with animals such as cattle and butchers. The diagnosis of CCHF is performed by detection of human antibodies (IgG and IgM) against CCHF virus. Five Patients with CCHF occurred in Fath Abad’s village (in Fars province) in the summer of 2011. All patients were men and aged 25-46 years old. Three patients were farmer and two other ones were butchers. The samples were sent to the National Reference Laboratory for Arboviruses and Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers (Pasteur Institute of Iran) in Tehran. The result of laboratory test for all patients was positive. None of the patients had died. Since the CCHF is rare, present study was aimed to assess the causes of the disease’s epidemic and clinical and laboratory symptoms stones.
http://ismj.bpums.ac.ir/article-1-339-en.pdf
hemorrhagic fever
Crimean-Congo
epidemic
Fars province
per
Bushehr University of Medical Sciences
Iranian South Medical Journal
1735-4374
1735-6954
2012-09
15
3
249
251
article
NIH roadmap for medical research and knowledge-based economy
Iraj Nabipour
inabipour@gmail.com
1
Although knowledge has long been an important factor in economic growth, economists are now exploring ways to incorporate more directly knowledge and technology in their theories and models. “New growth theory” reflects the attempt to understand the role of knowledge and technology in driving productivity and economic growth. The NIH Roadmap for Medical Research was launched in September, 2004, to address roadblocks to research and to transform the way biomedical research is conducted by overcoming specific hurdles or filling defined knowledge gaps. Roadmap programs span all areas of health and disease research and boundaries of NIH Institutes and Centers (ICs). These are programs that might not otherwise be supported by the NIH ICs because of their scope or because they are inherently risky. Roadmap Programs are expected to have exceptionally high potential to transform the manner in which biomedical research is conducted. They are also expected to be short term, 5–10 year programs. This book presents the major areas of medical research which were emphasized in the NIH Roadmap for Medical Research. The step by step engagement of this roadmap in knowledge-based economy would be elucidated in this review.
http://ismj.bpums.ac.ir/article-1-340-en.pdf
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