57 1735-4374 Bushehr University of Medical Sciences 365 General High sensitive C-reactive protein and ischemic heart disease, a population- based study Tohidi Masoomeh b Assadi Mahsan c Dehghani Zeinab d Vahdat Katayoun e Emami Seyed Reza f Nabipour Iraj g b The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sceinecs, Bushehr, IRAN c The Persian Gulf Nuclear Medicine, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sceinecs, Bushehr, IRAN d The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sceinecs, Bushehr, IRAN e The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sceinecs, Bushehr, IRAN f The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sceinecs, Bushehr, IRAN g The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sceinecs, Bushehr, IRAN 1 12 2012 15 4 253 262 09 09 2011 28 09 2011 Background: The measurement of high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) serum concentration has been suggested as an inflammatory agent in screening of high risk individuals for ischemic heart disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of this protein with ischemic heart disease in the northern Persian Gulf population. Material and Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 1615 (49.8% males, 50.2 % females) subjects over 25 years old were selected using a random cluster sampling technique in the northern Persian Gulf region. Cardiovascular risk factors in these subjects were studied according to WHO MONICA standard questionnaire. Minnesota code criteria’s were used in resting EKG to identify ischemic EKG. Serum level of hs-CRP was measured by ELISA. Results: Overall, 33.3 % of the participants had high levels of hs-CRP>3 mg/l. The geometrical means of hs-CRP in subjects with ischemic heart disease (2.96+3.75 mg/l) was higher than the normal subjects (1.84+3.84 mg/l) p(3mg/l and ischemic heart disease [Odds ratio= 1.67, CI95% (1.21-2.30) p = 0.002]. Conclusion: In over 25 years old of northern Persian Gulf population, hs-CRP was independently associated with ischemic heart disease. Thus, the measurement of hs-CRP in those who have intermediate risk for cardiovascular diseasess is recommended.
366 General Effect of testosterone on pancreatic beta cells resistance and blood glucose control in diabetic male rats by streptozotocin Mansoorpoor Soheila h Azizi Zabihollah i Asaie Sadaf j Ranjbar Omrani Gholamhossein k h Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sceinecs, Fars, IRAN i Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sceinecs, Fars, IRAN j Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sceinecs, Fars, IRAN k Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sceinecs, Fars, IRAN 1 12 2012 15 4 263 274 16 02 2011 04 09 2011 Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common carbohydrate metabolic disorder, with defective insulin secretory or insulin receptor function, or both. We examined the protective effect of testosterone against the destruction of pancreatic &beta;-cells by streptozotocin (STZ). Material and Methods: This empirical cross-sectional research involved 56 adult male rats (mean wt 220 g) randomized to: group 1, food and water group 2, olive oil injection group 3, STZ-induced DM group 4, castrated rats group 5, gonadectomy + STZ group 6, gonadal hormone + STZ group 7, gonadal hormone + STZ + gonadal hormone. Testosterone enanthate was injected intramuscularly (50 mg/kg in group 6, 4 weeks before DM induction, and 50 mg/kg in group 7, 4 weeks before and 2 weeks after DM). Diabetes was induced by 60 mg/kg, intraperitoneal STZ (STZ 20130 Sigma-Aldrich) in citrate buffer. Data were analyzed using SPSS16 software. Results: In groups 6 and 7 (testosterone) blood glucose was significantly lower than in groups 3 and 5 (P ≤ 0.001). Groups 6 and 7 also had higher serum insulin concentrations (P ≤ 0.05) and absolute numbers of islet cells compared to other groups (P≤ 0.001). Conclusion: Testosterone exerted a protective effect against early STZ-induced apoptotic damage to pancreatic &beta;-cells. 367 General Diagnosis of dental secondary caries in composite restoration by changing vertical angulation in bitewing radiography (in vitro) Nokhostin Mohammad Reza l Ghaznavi Aysan m l Department of Operative, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sceinecs, Tehran, IRAN m Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sceinecs, Tehran, IRAN 1 12 2012 15 4 275 282 20 07 2012 08 09 2012 Background: Radiography plays an important role in the detection of secondary caries.These caries are most important cause of changing restorations .The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy on diagnosis of secondary caries on esthetic restorations of different materials, changing the incidence vertical angle (IVA) of the x-ray beam. Material and Methods: 40 carious extracted human molars received MOD inlay preparations in vitro study. All teeth were restored with 2 composite resins (Filtek-Z250 and TPH-Spectrum) at 2 moments. Two radiographic images were acquired with 0º and 15º IVA. Four observers evaluated the images using a 5-point confidence scale. Inter, intra-observer reliability was analyzed with the Interclass Correlation Coefficient and the diagnostic accuracy was evaluated using the area under the ROC curve (Az), Friedman test and Wilcoxon test (α=0.05). Results: Higher accuracy values were obtained with 15º IVA (Az=0.65, Filtek-Z250>Az=0.56, TPH-Spectrum) compared to 0º (Az=0.50, Filtek-Z250>Az=0.37, TPH-Spectrum), though without statistically significant difference (p>0.05). Conclusion: Changing the IVA of the x-ray beam has no negative influence on the diagnosis of secondary caries-like lesions simulated on ethetic restraction of different materials. 368 General Effects of cultured shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) consumption on serum lipoproteins of healthy normolipidemic men Yousefi Farzaneh n Najafpour Bushehry Saeed o Mirzaie Kamran p Sanjideh Zahra Amiri Zahra Bonehgezi Behnoush Khoshkar Seyed Mohammad Nabipour Iran n The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sceinecs, Bushehr, IRAN o The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sceinecs, Bushehr, IRAN p Department of Social Medicine, School of Health, Bushehr University of Medical Sceinecs, Bushehr, IRAN The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sceinecs, Bushehr, IRAN The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sceinecs, Bushehr, IRAN The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sceinecs, Bushehr, IRAN The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sceinecs, Bushehr, IRAN The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sceinecs, Bushehr, IRAN 1 12 2012 15 4 283 292 31 07 2012 15 08 2012 Background: It has been suggested that moderate shrimp consumption in normolipidemic subjects will not adversely affect the overall lipoprotein profile. Hence, shrimp consumption can be included in “healthy heart" nutritional guidelines. However, the effects of cultured shrimp on serum lipoproteins of normal subjects have not yet investigated. Material and Methods: Twenty-five healthy normolipidemic men who were workers of a shrimp farm in Bushehr province participated in a quasi-experimental study. In a crossover six weeks trial, the effect of three days per week diet (containing 300 g cultured shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei /day) on serum lipid profile was compared with a zero-marine baseline diet. Results: After six weeks trial, serum triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol levels were not significantly changed from the baseline levels (p>0.05). However, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels, total cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol ratios were significantly increased (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Moderate cultured shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) consumption can increase total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels in normolipidemic men. Although a diet containing native shrimp has many benefits for healthy persons, but we do not recommend cultured shrimp in a healthy heart diet for persons with dyslipidemia or cardiovascular diseases. 369 General The effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Juglans regia leaf on histological changes of Langerhans islet in diabetic rats model Mohammadi Jamshid Mirzaie Ali Azizi Arsalan Roozbehi Amrollah Delaviz Hamdollah Herbal Medicine Research Center, Yasouj University of Medical Sceinecs, Yasouj, IRAN Department of Biochemistry, Herbal Medicine Research Center, Yasouj University of Medical Sceinecs, Yasouj, IRAN Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Yasouj University of Medical Sceinecs, Yasouj, IRAN Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Yasouj University of Medical Sceinecs, Yasouj, IRAN Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Yasouj University of Medical Sceinecs, Yasouj, IRAN 1 12 2012 15 4 293 302 27 07 2011 27 11 2011 Background: It has been shown that the Juglans regia leaves have hypoglycemic, diuretic and blood pressure reduction properties. The objective of the present study was to examine the histopathology effects of Juglans regia leaves on diabetes mellitus in rats. Material and Methods: Forty-eight Wistar rats (150- 200 g) were randomized into six groups of 8 animals. Groups III, IV, V and VI received intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin to make diabetic model. Blood glucose was measured by glucometer after 72 hours. After 10 days, Group II, IV and V received 400, 200 and 400 mg/kg Juglans regia extract, respectively and group VI treated with 4 mg/kg glybenclamid for four weeks. Group I were fed with normal diet and group III received distilled water (diabetic control). The body weight and blood glucose were measured in every week. The number of &beta; cells and diameter of islets of Langerhans were determined using hematoxylin-floxin staining. The collected data was analyzed by the SPSS software using one-way ANOVA. Results: The number of &beta; cells and diameter of islets decreased significantly in diabetic control compare to the normal group. Treatment with 400 mg/kg of Juglans regia extract showed a significant decrease in blood glucose, a significant increase in diameter of islets and number of &beta; cells compared to diabetic control group. The pancreas / body weight ratio increased in diabetic rats compare to the treatment group. Conclusion: The administration of Juglans regia extract can cause recovery of &beta; cells number and improve the size of islets of Langerhans in diabetic model rats. 370 General Ethnopharmacology of the native herbs of Helleh River (Bushehr Province/Iran) Rastegar Mohammad Tavana Zeynab Khademi Rahim Nabipour Iraj The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sceinecs, Bushehr, IRAN The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sceinecs, Bushehr, IRAN Agriculture and natural Resources Research Center, Bushehr, IRAN The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sceinecs, Bushehr, IRAN 1 12 2012 15 4 303 316 01 08 2011 28 08 2011 Background: Ethnopharmacology have been seen as a multidisciplinary approach for novel drug discovery. The main aim of this ethnopharmacological study was to identify the medicinal plants of the Helleh River region in the northern Persian Gulf area. Material and Methods: The ethnopharmacological data were gathered from 61 local informants by face to face interviews. The relative frequency of citation (FRC) and cultural importance (CI) indices were calculated. Results: A total of 63 medicinal plants belonging to 36 families were identified. Cichorium intybus, Achilleaeriophora DC, Plantagopsylliumand Malva parviflora had the highest cultural importance index. Ahilleaeriophora DC, Alhagi camelorum, Citrullus colocynthis, Plantagopsylliumand Malva parviflora had the highest FRC index, respectively. The highest application was for gasterointestinal diseases, nature of warm, respiratory disorders, infectious diseases and metabolic disorders, respectively. Conclusion: A vast variety of medicinal plants are used for different disorders in the Helleh River area which are very compatible with medicinal uses in other parts of Iran. The traditional uses of Plantagopsyllium for respiratory problems and drainage of infective boils, Achilleaeriophora DC for diabetes mellitus and abdominal pain, Malva parviflora for respiratory infections and Citrullus colocynthis for hemorrhoids, are promising for discovery of novel drugs for clinical applications. 371 General Efficacy of care in Fatemeh Zahra hospital’s ICU wards according to APACHE II score Bahtouee Mehrzad Heydari Hossein Motamed Niloofar Anvaripour Abdolrasoul Farzam Hossein Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sceinecs, Bushehr, IRAN School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sceinecs, Bushehr, IRAN The Persian Gulf Nuclear Medicine, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sceinecs, Bushehr, IRAN Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sceinecs, Bushehr, IRAN Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sceinecs, Kermanshah IRAN 1 12 2012 15 4 317 326 27 03 2012 05 09 2012 Background: The prediction of death in intensive care units is done by using scoring systems (eg APACHE II) which assess disease severity. This study was performed in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) of Boushehr’s Fatemeh Zahra hospital to evaluate the efficacy of APACH II system and also to compare the observed mortality with the predicted mortality rate and also to that of some creditable centers. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study was performed on one hundred patients with critical conditions on the day of their admission to the ICU wards. Data were analysed by Chi Square, student T, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, ROC curve and spearman correlation coefficient using SPSS version 13. Results: The mean score in internal medicine ICU (60 patients) was15.45 and in surgery’s ICU (40 patients) was 11.1. There was a positive correlation between the acquired score and mortality (p<0.001 and correlation coefficient=0.4). Mortality in our ICUs was more than that of more developed centers with respect to APACHE II score. The observed mortality rate was 31% and the predicted death rate was 19.79%. The area under ROC curve was 0.76 (CI95%=0/65-0/86). There was also a positive correlation between the acquired score and duration of ICU admission (p=0.009 and correlation coefficient=0.262). Conclusion: The APACHE II score is appropriate for predicting mortality in our ICUs. Our observed mortality rate was greater than the predicted death rate, in comparison to some developed centers which show no significant difference. Therfore it appears that we must improve our intensive cares to reduce mortality. 372 General Wireless and mobile systems in telemedicine Safdari Reza Masouri Niloofar Ghazi Saeedi Marjan Sharifian Roya Soltani Ahmad Shahmoradi Leila Department of Health Information management, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sceinecs, Tehran, IRAN Department of Health Information management, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sceinecs, Tehran, IRAN Department of Health Information management, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sceinecs, Tehran, IRAN Department of Health Information management, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sceinecs, Tehran, IRAN Department of Health Information management, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sceinecs, Tehran, IRAN Department of Health Information management, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sceinecs, Tehran, IRAN 1 12 2012 15 4 327 338 03 04 2011 07 09 2011 Background: It is necessary to deploy mobile and wireless systems in healthcare, because they have many benefits for healthcare systems. The objectives of this article were introducing various systems, applications, and standards of the wireless and mobile telemedicine. Material and Methods: This review study was conducted in 2010. To conduct the study, published articles in the years 2005 to 2012, in English with an emphasis on wireless and mobile technologies in health were studied. Search was done with key words include telemedicine, wireless health systems, health and telecommunications technology in databases including Pubmed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Web of Sciences, Proquest. The collected data were analyzed. Results: Telemedicine system in the ambulance, telemedicine systems in space, telecardiology systems, EEG system, ultrasound system are some types of wireless and mobile systems in telemedicine. PDA-based mobile and wireless telemedicine application, based PDA drug application, and patient tracking application are some of wireless and mobile applications of telemedicine. The most important standards of wireless and mobile telemedicine are HL7, DICOM, SNOMed, and ICD-9-CM. Conclusion: There are many challenges in the wireless and mobile systems in telemedicine, despite the many benefits. Slow speed in sending pictures and video, lack of attention to the privacy in the design of these systems, environmental variables and the number of users during the day are some of these challenges. It is recommended to consider these challenges during the planning and designing of wireless and mobile systems in telemedicine. 373 General Book Review: Nano physics & Nano technology Zaree Abdolkhaled The Persian Gulf Marine-Medicine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, IRAN 1 12 2012 15 4 339 340 06 11 2012 06 11 2012 During last decades, there are a lot of emphases on studying material behavior in atomic scale. In most scientific and engineering fields, one can see the effect of nanotechnology. The aim of nanoscience is to design and fabrication of new and applicable materials. Nowadays, Nano is a popular science which chemists, physicist, doctors, engineers, financial managers and environment's fans for creating a good life via nanoscience have a great cooperation with each others. Materials in nano scale such as nanotubes and nanowires have extraordinary properties which by optimization of these properties in nano scale and then develop these properties to macro scale, they've been challenging issues. For instance, materials in nano scale improve mechanical properties of polymers and metallic materials via nano particles and on the other hand by producing a thin film on surfaces improve surface hardening. Besides, nanotechnology is in hi-tech industries such as magnetic devices, surface coating, and biomaterial, material having sensors, polymers, gels, ceramics and intelligent membrane. Nano-carbon tubes are considered intelligent due to the fact that they couple electrochemical and elastic properties simultaneously, hence have greater activation energy density in comparison with other intelligent materials. Studying nanoscience is important because it causes the life to be better. Future Materials and structures will have a lot of outstanding properties. Intelligent machines can repair, recycle and reconstruct themselves. All these features are only possible in nano zone. Nano in engineering science can provide the possibility of making light missiles for exploring space. The reduced weight can be achieved by replacing traditional materials with hybrid nanocomposites.