دوره 24، شماره 4 - ( دو ماهنامه طب جنوب 1400 )                   جلد 24 شماره 4 صفحات 434-341 | برگشت به فهرست نسخه ها


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Baghban N, Mohebbi G H, Zarea M, Nabipour I. Sea God- Sponges: Toxins and Secondary Metabolites. Iran South Med J 2021; 24 (4) :341-434
URL: http://ismj.bpums.ac.ir/article-1-1503-fa.html
باغبان ندا، محبی غلامحسین، زارع مسعود، نبی‌پور ایرج. خدای دریاها- اسفنج‌ها: توکسین‌ها و متابولیت‌های ثانویه. مجله طب جنوب. 1400; 24 (4) :341-434

URL: http://ismj.bpums.ac.ir/article-1-1503-fa.html


1- مرکز تحقیقات زیست فناوری دریایی‌ خلیج‌فارس، پژوهشکده علوم زیست پزشکی خلیج‌فارس، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بوشهر، بوشهر، ایران
2- مرکز تحقیقات زیست فناوری دریایی‌ خلیج‌فارس، پژوهشکده علوم زیست پزشکی خلیج‌فارس، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بوشهر، بوشهر، ایران ، inabipour@gmail.com
چکیده:   (3246 مشاهده)
مقدمه: اسفنج‌ها طیف وسیعی از توکسین­ها و متابولیت‌های ثانویه را تولید می­نمایند. زهر بسیار کشنده برخی از آن‌ها شامل قوی­ترین توکسین­های شناخته شده در طبیعت بوده و حاوی مخلوط‌های پیچیده‌ای از ترکیبات زیست‌فعال با ساختارهای مختلف شیمیایی هستند. از اهداف این مطالعه مروری نظام‌مند، بررسی توکسینولوژی اسفنج‌‌های دریایی و مطالعه توکسین­ها و ترکیبات زیست­فعال و مکانیسم­های عمل آن‌ها می‌باشد.
مواد و روش‌ها: به منظور یافتن مطالعات زهرشناسی اسفنج‌‌های دریایی و ترکیبات زیست فعال آن‌ها، در اوریل 2021، ابتدا واژه­های کلیدی "توکسینولوژی، توکسین، متابولیت ثانویه، آلکالوئید، پپتید، ترپن‌، آروماتیک، استروئید و لاکتون"‌ به‌صورت مجزا به­همراه واژه "اسفنج" یا "پوریفرا" در پایگاه­های داده گوگل اسکالر و PubMed، در بازه زمانی 2017 تا 2021 جستجو گردیدند. از مجموع 211 مقاله، پس از بررسی­های اولیه بر اساس اهداف مطالعه، تعداد 184 مقاله انتخاب شدند. جستجوی واژه پوریفرا و این ترکیبات، نتیجه‌ای در بر نداشت. با توجه به محدود بودن مطالعات اختصاصی مربوط به توکسین­ها در اسفنج در جستجوی اولیه، با جستجوی مجدد کلید­واژه‌های "اسفنج و توکسین" در بازه زمانی بین سال‌های 1980 تا 2021، در پایگاه­های داده PubMed، سایفایندر (پایگاه داده برای بررسی ترکیبات شیمیایی) و پایگاه اطلاعاتی مارین­لیت (تحقیقات ترکیبات طبیعی دریایی)، پس از حذف مقالات مشترک، در مجموع، 27 مقاله مرتبط دیگر، انتخاب و همراه با سایر مقالات انتخابی مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند.
یافته‌ها: برخی توکسین‌ها و ترکیبات اصلی اسفنج­های دریایی مختلف شامل گروه­های مختلف شیمیایی نظیر اوکادائیک اسید؛ مشتقات‌ترپنی نظیر آگلازین­ها، اوکسوفاسیوسپونجیا، دیزیویلوزینها و هیپوسپونلاچین­ها؛ پپتیدی نظیر پلی‌تئونامیدها، سوریتسیدین، اسکلریتودرمین­ها؛ گروه‌های بسیار مختلف آلکالوئیدی شامل الکالوئیدهای گوانیدینی نظیر مونانکوسیدین­ها، میکالینها، کرامبسیدین­ها، اونگویکولین­ها، نتامین­ها، زارزیسین، هاچیجودین­ها؛ آلکالوئیدهای آکریدینی نظیر آمفیمدین­ها؛ آلکالوئیدهای برومینه و بروموتیروزینی نظیرآپلیزانین­ها؛ مشتقات بنزونافتریدینی نظیر آپتامین­ها؛ مشتقات ایمیدازولی نظیر ناآمیدینها؛ مشتقات ایندولی نظیر فاسکاپلیسین­ها، دراگماسیدین‌ها و تاپسنتین­ها؛ آلکالوئیدهای پیپریدینی نظیر ساراین­ها، مادانجامین­ها، هالیکلوناسیکلامین‌ها و آرنوسکلرین‌ها؛ آلکالوئیدهای پیریمیدینی چون لانسوئیک­اسید، هیرتینادین و واریولین­ها؛ آلکالوئیدهای پیریدینی نظیر آمفیمیدوزیدها و پیرینادین­ها؛ آلکالوئیدهای پیرولی و پیرولوایمینوکینولینی همچون ماکالووامین، دیسکورهابدین­ها، تسیتسیکامامین­ها و باتزلین­ها؛ ترکیبات پیرولی نظیر هیمنیالدسین­ها و نیز آلکالوئیدهای کینولینی چون آراگواسپونجین­ها رنیرامایسین­ها، رنیرول و لیهویدین؛ ترکیبات استروئیدی چون پلانکینامین­ها؛ لاکتون‌هایی نظیر تورکتاندرول­ها، پالائول­ها، کوشیکامیدها، پتروساسپونگیولیدها، لاترونکولین‌ها و دیگر ترکیبات با ساختارها و اثرات بیولوژیک منحصر بفرد می­باشند.
نتیجه‌گیری: تنوع بسیار زیادی در توکسین­ها و ملکول‌های فعال زیستی در گونه‌های مختلف اسفنج­های دریایی وجود دارد که طیف گسترده‌ای از فعالیت­های فارماکولوژیکی و بیولوژیک شگفت‌انگیزی را ارائه می‌دهند.
متن کامل [PDF 3849 kb]   (1203 دریافت)    
نوع مطالعه: مروری | موضوع مقاله: داروشناسی
دریافت: 1400/1/20 | پذیرش: 1400/6/1 | انتشار: 1400/8/8

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