دوره 24، شماره 5 - ( دو ماهنامه طب جنوب 1400 )
جلد 24 شماره 5 صفحات 581-505 |
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Mohebbi G H, Nabipour I. Toxinology of Marine Venomous Snails. Iran South Med J 2021; 24 (5) :505-581
URL: http://ismj.bpums.ac.ir/article-1-1519-fa.html
URL: http://ismj.bpums.ac.ir/article-1-1519-fa.html
محبی غلامحسین، نبی پور ایرج. توکسینولوژی حلزونهای زهرآگین دریایی. مجله طب جنوب. 1400; 24 (5) :505-581
غلامحسین محبی1 
، ایرج نبی پور* 2
، ایرج نبی پور* 2
1- مرکز تحقیقات زیست فناوری دریایی خلیج‌فارس، پژوهشکده علوم زیست پزشکی خلیج‌فارس، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بوشهر، بوشهر، ایران
2- مرکز تحقیقات زیست فناوری دریایی خلیج‌فارس، پژوهشکده علوم زیست پزشکی خلیج‌فارس، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بوشهر، بوشهر، ایران ،inabipour@gmail.com
2- مرکز تحقیقات زیست فناوری دریایی خلیج‌فارس، پژوهشکده علوم زیست پزشکی خلیج‌فارس، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بوشهر، بوشهر، ایران ،
چکیده: (2559 مشاهده)
تعداد گونههای حلزونهای دریایی زهراگین بهطرز شگفت‌آوری زیاد هستند. ونومهای مخروطیها، در یک مجرای لولهای طویل از یک دستگاه زهری پیچیده، تولید میشوند و کوکتلی از توکسینهای متعدد بهویژه کونوتوکسینها را تشکیل میدهند که از قدرت و اختصاصیت بالایی برای گیرندههای اختصاصی اهداف خود برخوردار هستند. آن‌ها کانالها، گیرندههای مختلف عصبی عضلانی و یا هورمونهای قربانی را مهار و موجب تداخل در سیگنالهای انتقالی طعمه یا بازداری شکارچیان میگردند. حلزونهای مخروطی، توانایی شگفتانگیزی برای جابجایی سریع بین دو نوع مختلف ونومهای شکاری یا دفاعی در پاسخ به محرکهای دفاعی یا شکاری را دارا میباشند. کونوتوکسینها و کونوپپتیدهای مختلفی چون α-کونوتوکسینها، σ-کونوتوکسینها، ω-کونوتوکسینها، μ-کونوتوکسینها، ψ-کونوتوکسینها، τ-کونوتوکسینها، δ-کونوتوکسینها و
κ-کونوتوکسینها، کونکونیتزین‌ها، کونانتوکینها، کونتریفانها، کونوتوکسینهای Ac1، کونوانسولین‌ها، کونوتوکسینهای شبه-گرانولین از کونوئیدها؛ اوگرپپتیدها از ونومپپتیدهای خانواده تربریده؛ توریپپتیدها از ونومپپتیدهای خانواده توریده؛ کراسیپپتیدها از ونومپپتیدهای حلزونهای کراسیسپیریده؛ کلاتورلیپپتیدها از ریزکونوئیدههای زهرآگین کلاتورلیده و توکسینهای دیگری چون پپتیدهای آرفامید و شبهنوروپپتیدهای درون‌زایی نظیر کونوپرسینها و نیز کونتولاکینها در زهر مخروطیها دیده شده‌اند که عمکردهای زیستی و فارماکولوژیک شگفتانگیزی را نشان دادهاند. با توجه به مورد تأیید قرارگرفتن برخی کونوتوکسینها از جمله داروی ضددرد زیکونیتاید (Prialt®)، در کارآزماییهای بالینی و پتانسیل زیست پزشکی آن‌ها، تحقیقات فعلی به این توکسینها معطوف گشته است. استفاده از رویکردهای ونومیکس یکپارچه، سرعت کشف توالیهای کونوتوکسین بیان شده را به طرز چشمگیری افزایش داده است. امید است که با درک بهتر و شناسایی کونوتوکسینها و سایر توکسینهای به‌دست آمده از سایر حلزونهای دریایی، در درمان بیماریهایی که بشر در برابر آن‌ها تسلیم شده است، مورد استفاده قرار گیرند.
κ-کونوتوکسینها، کونکونیتزین‌ها، کونانتوکینها، کونتریفانها، کونوتوکسینهای Ac1، کونوانسولین‌ها، کونوتوکسینهای شبه-گرانولین از کونوئیدها؛ اوگرپپتیدها از ونومپپتیدهای خانواده تربریده؛ توریپپتیدها از ونومپپتیدهای خانواده توریده؛ کراسیپپتیدها از ونومپپتیدهای حلزونهای کراسیسپیریده؛ کلاتورلیپپتیدها از ریزکونوئیدههای زهرآگین کلاتورلیده و توکسینهای دیگری چون پپتیدهای آرفامید و شبهنوروپپتیدهای درون‌زایی نظیر کونوپرسینها و نیز کونتولاکینها در زهر مخروطیها دیده شده‌اند که عمکردهای زیستی و فارماکولوژیک شگفتانگیزی را نشان دادهاند. با توجه به مورد تأیید قرارگرفتن برخی کونوتوکسینها از جمله داروی ضددرد زیکونیتاید (Prialt®)، در کارآزماییهای بالینی و پتانسیل زیست پزشکی آن‌ها، تحقیقات فعلی به این توکسینها معطوف گشته است. استفاده از رویکردهای ونومیکس یکپارچه، سرعت کشف توالیهای کونوتوکسین بیان شده را به طرز چشمگیری افزایش داده است. امید است که با درک بهتر و شناسایی کونوتوکسینها و سایر توکسینهای به‌دست آمده از سایر حلزونهای دریایی، در درمان بیماریهایی که بشر در برابر آن‌ها تسلیم شده است، مورد استفاده قرار گیرند.
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