دوره 25، شماره 4 - ( دو ماهنامه طب جنوب 1401 )                   جلد 25 شماره 4 صفحات 393-371 | برگشت به فهرست نسخه ها


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Khazaei Z, Vahdat K, Nabipour I. Ethnopharmacology of Medicinal Plants in the North and West of Dashtestan County, Bushehr. Iran South Med J 2022; 25 (4) :371-393
URL: http://ismj.bpums.ac.ir/article-1-1643-fa.html
خزاعی زهرا، وحدت کتایون، نبی‌پور ایرج. اتنوفارماکولوژی گیاهان دارویی شمال و غرب شهرستان دشتستان -بوشهر. مجله طب جنوب. 1401; 25 (4) :371-393

URL: http://ismj.bpums.ac.ir/article-1-1643-fa.html


1- مرکز تحقیقات طب گرمسیری و عفونی خلیج‌فارس، پژوهشکده‌ علوم زیست پزشکی خلیج‌فارس، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بوشهر، بوشهر، ایران
2- مرکز تحقیقات زیست فناوری دریایی خلیج‌فارس، پژوهشکده علوم زیست پزشکی خلیج‌فارس، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بوشهر، بوشهر، ایران ، inabipour@gmail.com
چکیده:   (1201 مشاهده)
زمینه: اتنوفارماکولوژی رهیافتی بسیار متنوع جهت کشف دارو است که شامل مشاهده، توصیف و بررسی تجربی داروهای بومی و فعالیت‌های زیستی آن‌ها است که بر پایه گیاه‌شناسی، شیمی، بیوشیمی، فارماکولوژی و دیگر رشته‌ها مانند انسان‌شناسی، باستان‌شناسی، تاریخ و زبان‌شناسی استوار است و به کشف محصوالت طبیعی با فعالیت زیستی کمک می کند. هدف از این پژوهش شناسایی گیاهان دارویی بوده که در منطقه شمال و غرب شهرستان دشتستان بوشهر در شمال خلیج فارس، کاربرد سنتی دارند.
مواد و روش‌ها: کاربردهای گیاهان دارویی از 25 نفر آگاه بومی منطقه شمال و غرب شهرستان دشتستان به صورت مصاحبه حضوری گردآوری شده و شاخص‌های فراوانی نسبی (Citation of Frequency Relative) و شاخص اهمیت فرهنگی (Cultural Importance Index) برای هر گیاه دارویی منطقه  شمال و غرب شهرستان دشتستان نیز محاسبه گردید.
یافته‌ها: به‌طور کلی 117 گونه گیاه دارویی در منطقه شمال و غرب شهرستان دشتستان مربوط به 63 خانواده شناسایی شدند. گیاهان آویشن شیرازی (Zataria multiflora)، زیره سبز (Cuminum cyminum)، الوئه ورا (Aloe vera)، بومادران (Achillea eriophora DC)، بابونه (Matricario chamomilla)، گل گاوزبان (Echium amoenum)، زنیان (Trachyspermum copticum)، رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgare)، اسفرزه (Plantago psyllium)، شاهتره (Fumaria parviflora) و سیاهدانه (Nigella sativa) دارای بالاترین شاخص اهمیت فرهنگی بودند. شایع‌ترین کاربرد دارویی این گیاهان به‌ترتیب جهت بیماری‌های گوارشی، عفونی، تنفسی، اطفال، کلیه و مجاری ادرار، زنان و زایمان، روانپزشکی و مغز و اعصاب، پوست و مو و متابولیک بود. هر چند همان کاربردهای درمانی که در طب سنتی ایران رایج است از این گیاهان دارویی استفاده می‌شد ولی مردم این منطقه شماری از گیاهان را برای درمان بیماری‌هایی به کار می‌برند که این کاربردها ویژه این منطقه می‌باشند. برای مثال استفاده از بومادران جهت درمان زخم، دمل و کورک، بابونه به عنوان ضد تب و درمان نفخ و درد شکمی، گل گاوزبان جهت تقویت دردهای زایمانی، اسفرزه برای عفونت‌های چرکی، شاهتره برای زردی کودکان و سیاه دانه برای دردهای اسکلتی - عضلانی را می‌توان برشمرد.
نتیجه‌گیری: تنوع گسترده‌ای از گیاهان دارویی در منطقه شمال و غرب شهرستان دشتستان استان بوشهر وجود دارد که در مواردی از بیماری‌های گوناگون به کار برده می‌شوند که این کاربردها منطبق با دانش پزشکی روز دنیا می‌باشد. اما با این وجود در این منطقه شماری از گیاهان برای درمان بیماری‌هایی به کار برده می‌شود که این کاربردها ویژه این منطقه است و پژوهش پیرامون این گیاهان دارویی می‌تواند آغازگر راهی برای کشف داروهای جدید در عرصه درمان بیماری‌ها باشد.
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نوع مطالعه: پژوهشي | موضوع مقاله: داروشناسی
دریافت: 1401/5/4 | پذیرش: 1401/6/18 | انتشار: 1401/9/26

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