Volume 27, Issue 6 (Iran South Med J 2025)
Iran South Med J 2025, 27(6): 409-417 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Ahmadi H, Zahiri M, Mohebi G H, Esmaeilzade B. The Effect of Spirulina Algae (Arthrospira platensis) Extract on the Differentiation of Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Neuron Cells. Iran South Med J 2025; 27 (6) :409-417
URL: http://ismj.bpums.ac.ir/article-1-2168-en.html
URL: http://ismj.bpums.ac.ir/article-1-2168-en.html
1- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
2- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
3- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
4- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran ,esma_8420@yahoo.com
2- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
3- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
4- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran ,
Abstract: (220 Views)
Background: Neurodegenerative diseases cause dysfunction of the nervous system and the loss of neurons. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, under appropriate stimulation have the potential to differentiate into different progenitor cell types, including nerve cells. Spirulina algae has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. This study evaluated the effect of Spirulina algae extract on the differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells into neuron cells in vitro.
Materials and Methods: Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells were extracted and cultured. Then, the cells were divided into a control group, a group with epidermal growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor, and a group with Spirulina algae extract at different doses of 50, 100, 125, 150, and 200 ng/mL. After four weeks of cell culture, neural cell differentiation was evaluated by flow cytometry for the expression of the Nestin marker.
Results: MTT assay showed that Spirulina algae extract did not have a toxic effect on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Cell survival and differentiation into neural cells (Nestin marker expression) significantly increased in all groups receiving Spirulina extract compared to the control.
Conclusion: Spirulina algae extract has no toxic effects on cells and can be considered a promising therapeutic approach for neurodegenerative diseases in the future. It induces the differentiation of bone marrow-derived stem cells into neural cells.
Materials and Methods: Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells were extracted and cultured. Then, the cells were divided into a control group, a group with epidermal growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor, and a group with Spirulina algae extract at different doses of 50, 100, 125, 150, and 200 ng/mL. After four weeks of cell culture, neural cell differentiation was evaluated by flow cytometry for the expression of the Nestin marker.
Results: MTT assay showed that Spirulina algae extract did not have a toxic effect on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Cell survival and differentiation into neural cells (Nestin marker expression) significantly increased in all groups receiving Spirulina extract compared to the control.
Conclusion: Spirulina algae extract has no toxic effects on cells and can be considered a promising therapeutic approach for neurodegenerative diseases in the future. It induces the differentiation of bone marrow-derived stem cells into neural cells.
Type of Study: Original |
Subject:
Biochemistry. Cell Biology and Genetics
Received: 2024/11/29 | Accepted: 2025/05/29 | Published: 2025/07/22
Received: 2024/11/29 | Accepted: 2025/05/29 | Published: 2025/07/22
References
1. Hashemizadeh P, Farokhipour M, Ahmadi H. Chronic exposure to tramadol and neurodegeneration: A literature review. Toxicologie Analytique et Clinique 2025. [Article]
2. Akhtar A, Andleeb A, Sher Waris T. Neurodegenerative diseases and effective drug delivery: A review of challenges and novel therapeutics. J Control Release 2021; 10(330): 1152-1167. [Article]
3. Kakoti BB, Bezbaruah R, Ahmed N. Therapeutic drug repositioning with special emphasis on neurodegenerative diseases: Threats and issues. Fron Pharmacol 2022; 3(13): 1007315. [DOI]
4. Charitos IA, Ballini A, Cantore S, et al. Stem cells: a historical review about biological, religious, and ethical issues. Stem Cells Int 2021; 9978837. [DOI]
5. Tan F, Li X, Wang Z, et al, Clinical applications of stem cell-derived exosomes. Signal transduct target ther 2024; 9(1): 17. [DOI]
6. Kim SG, George NP, Hwang JS, et al. Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell applica-tions in neurodegenerative disease treatment and integrated omics analysis for successful stem cell therapy. Bioengineering 2023; 10(5): 621. [Article]
7. Guan M, Xu Y, Wang W, et al. Differentiation into neurons of rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Eur Cytokine Netw 2014; 25: 58-63. [Article]
8. Soheili M, Khosravi-Darani K. The potential health benefits of algae and micro algae in medicine: a review on Spirulina platensis. Current Nutrition and Food Science 2011; 7(4): 279-285. [DOI]
9. Grosshagauer S, Kraemer K, Somoza V. The true value of Spirulina. J agric Food chem 2020; 68(14): 4109-15. [DOI]
10. Anvara AA, Nowruzib B. Bioactive properties of spirulina: A review. Microbial bioactives 2021; 4(1): 134-142. [Article]
11. Ngu EL, Tan CY, Lai NJY, et al. Spirulina platensis suppressed iNOS and proinflammatory cytokines in lipopolysaccharide-induced BV2 microglia. Metabolites 2022; 12(11): 1147. [Article]
12. Mattei V, Delle Monache S. Mesenchymal stem cells and their role in neurodegenerative diseases. 2024; 13(9): 779. [Article]
13. Perez-Araluce M, Jüngst T, Sanmartin C, et al. Biomaterials-based antioxidant strategies for the treatment of oxidative stress diseases. Biomimet-ics 2024; 9(1): 23. [DOI]
14. Kıran TR, Otlu O, Karabulut AB. Oxidative stress and antioxidants in health and disease. Journal of Laboratory Medicine 2023; 47(1): 1-11. [DOI]
15. Panahi M, Rahimi B, Rahimi G et al. Cytoprotective effects of antioxidant supplementation on mesenchymal stem cell therapy. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235(10): 6462-6495. [DOI]
16. Trotta T, Porro ch, Cianciulli A, et al. Beneficial effects of spirulina consumption on brain health. Nutrients, 2022. 14(3): 676. [DOI]
17. Choi KM, SeoYK, Yoon HH, et al. Effect of ascorbic acid on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and differentiation. J Biosci Bioeng 2008; 105(6): 586-94. [DOI]
18. Yousefi F, Lavi Arab F, Jaafari MR, et al. Immunoregulatory, proliferative and anti-oxidant effects of nanocurcuminoids on adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. EXCLI J 2019; 18: 405. [DOI]
19. Koh EJ, Seo YJ, Choi J, et al. Spirulina maxima ex-tract prevents neurotoxicity via promoting activation of BDNF/CREB signaling pathways in neuronal cells and mice. Molecules 2017; 22(8): 1363. [DOI]
20. Chattopadhyaya I, Gupta S, Mohammad A, et al. Neuroprotective effect of Spirulina fusiform and amantadine in the 6-OHDA induced Parkinsonism in rats. BMC Complement Altern Med 2015; 15: 296. [DOI]
21. Xu J, Hsu SH. Enhancement of cell behavior by the polysaccharide extract of arthrospira and potential biomedical applications. Molecules 2023; 28(2): 732. [DOI]
22. Zhang J, Li Ch, Zhao Y, et al. Effect of Plant‐Derived and Microbial Feed Additives on the Growth Performance and Biochemical Composition of Juvenile Sea Cucumber Stichopus monotuberculatus. Aquac Nutr 2025; 2025: 6521606. [DOI]
23. Wang M, Yin Z, Zeng M. Microalgae as a promising structure ingredient in food: Obtained by simple thermal and high-speed shearing homogenization. Food Hydrocolloids 2022; 131: 107743. [DOI]
24. Jeong Y, Choi WY, Park A, et al. Marine cyanobacterium Spirulina maxima as an alternate to the animal cell culture medium supplement. Sci Rep 2021; 11(1): 4906. [DOI]
25. Im ST, Heo SY, Kim EA, et al. The potential of Spirulina maxima extract-treated conditioned medium from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells for hair growth promoting effect on human dermal papilla cells. Regen Ther 2025; 29: 184-91. [DOI]
Send email to the article author
| Rights and Permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
