Volume 28, Issue 2 (Iran South Med J 2025)
Iran South Med J 2025, 28(2): 622-633 |
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Hashemi M, Tahmasebi R, Darabi A, Nemati R, Nabipour I, Noroozi A. The Relationship between Smoking Pat-terns and Depression: Evidence from Bushehr PoCOsteo Study. Iran South Med J 2025; 28 (2) :622-633
URL: http://ismj.bpums.ac.ir/article-1-2273-en.html
URL: http://ismj.bpums.ac.ir/article-1-2273-en.html
Mobin Hashemi1 
, Rahim Tahmasebi2 , Amirhossain Darabi3 , Reza Nemati4 , Iraj Nabipour5 , Azita Noroozi *6
, Rahim Tahmasebi2 , Amirhossain Darabi3 , Reza Nemati4 , Iraj Nabipour5 , Azita Noroozi *6
1- Student Research Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
2- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
3- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
4- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
5- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
6- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
Department of Health, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran ,azitanoroozi@yahoo.com
2- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
3- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
4- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
5- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
6- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
Department of Health, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran ,
Abstract: (18 Views)
Background: Given the increasing population of older adults in the world and Iran, mental health issues, including depression, and smoking habits in this age group require particular attention. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between smoking habits and depression in women and men over 50 years of age in the PoCOsteo study in Bushehr, Iran.
Materials and Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study conducted on the data collected from 1998 men and women over 50 years of age in the PoCOsteo study. Data were collected through a demographic questionnaire, smoking habits questionnaire, and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 26 software.
Results: The results of this study showed that smoking patterns are different between men and women; men mainly smoke cigarettes (P<0.001) while women smoke hookah more than men (P<0.001) and are exposed to secondhand smoke (P<0.001). The prevalence of depression was higher in women (9%) than in men (1.2%) (P<0.001). In men, current cigarette use was associated with reduced levels of depression (P<0.001), while in women, hookah use (P=0.001) and exposure to cigarette and hookah smoke (P=0.021) were associated with increased levels of depression.
Conclusion: Tobacco use habits and depression are gender-specific, and in women, hookah use and exposure to secondhand smoke are associated with increased depression, while in men, smoking temporarily reduced depressive symptoms.
Materials and Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study conducted on the data collected from 1998 men and women over 50 years of age in the PoCOsteo study. Data were collected through a demographic questionnaire, smoking habits questionnaire, and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 26 software.
Results: The results of this study showed that smoking patterns are different between men and women; men mainly smoke cigarettes (P<0.001) while women smoke hookah more than men (P<0.001) and are exposed to secondhand smoke (P<0.001). The prevalence of depression was higher in women (9%) than in men (1.2%) (P<0.001). In men, current cigarette use was associated with reduced levels of depression (P<0.001), while in women, hookah use (P=0.001) and exposure to cigarette and hookah smoke (P=0.021) were associated with increased levels of depression.
Conclusion: Tobacco use habits and depression are gender-specific, and in women, hookah use and exposure to secondhand smoke are associated with increased depression, while in men, smoking temporarily reduced depressive symptoms.
Type of Study: Original |
Subject:
Public Health
Received: 2025/07/20 | Accepted: 2025/09/23 | Published: 2025/11/22
Received: 2025/07/20 | Accepted: 2025/09/23 | Published: 2025/11/22
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