Volume 20, Issue 4 (Iranian South Medical Journal 2017)
Iran South Med J 2017, 20(4): 317-325 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Jamilian M, Talaei A, Chehrei A, Rezvanfar M R, Rafei F. The Study of the Effect of Levothyroxine on Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding (DUB) in Euthyroid Women. Iran South Med J 2017; 20 (4) :317-325
URL: http://ismj.bpums.ac.ir/article-1-884-en.html
URL: http://ismj.bpums.ac.ir/article-1-884-en.html
1- Gynecology Department, Thyroid Disorders Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
2- Endocrinology Depatment, Thyroid Disorders Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
3- Pathology Department, Thyroid Disorders Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
4- Statistic Department, Thyroid Disorders Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
2- Endocrinology Depatment, Thyroid Disorders Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
3- Pathology Department, Thyroid Disorders Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
4- Statistic Department, Thyroid Disorders Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
Abstract: (21469 Views)
Background: Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are recognized as two principal causes of DUB (dysfunctional uterine bleeding) which is characterized by the menstrual cycle irregularities. Since the thyroid hormones can alter the menstrual periods; levothyroxine intake may affect the DUB in euthyroid women.
Material and Methods: This study was conducted as a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. The participants included 120 females aged between 35to 55 years old suffering DUB with non-organic origin. All of these patients had normal thyroid function, and they were taking an oral contraceptive pill (OCP). The participants were divided into two groups of 60 women. The intervention group received one tablet of levothyroxine 0.1 mg daily, while the control group received placebo for three months. At the end of three months, the data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16, and the comparison between two groups was measured using paired Student’s t-test, and covariance analysis.
Results: Our study showed that improvement rate based on the overall mix of indicators used for evaluation of menstrual cycle irregularities was 48(80%) and 51(85%) in intervention and control groups respectively. Comparision between the intervention and control groups showed no significant difference in the overall indicators of improvement before and after the intervention in these two groups (P=0.47). However, the comparison of recovery rate based on different signs of irregularities in menstrual cycles in two groups showed that recovery rate based on metrorrhagia was significantly higher in the intervention group (100%) compared to control group. Also, covariance analysis showed that the intervention group had a significantly higher recovery rate based on the duration and the interval of bleedings, and the number of pads used during menstruation, compared to control group the (F=4.352, P=0.006).
Conclusion: Levothyroxine intake can improve the menstrual cycle irregularities in euthyroid women.
Material and Methods: This study was conducted as a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. The participants included 120 females aged between 35to 55 years old suffering DUB with non-organic origin. All of these patients had normal thyroid function, and they were taking an oral contraceptive pill (OCP). The participants were divided into two groups of 60 women. The intervention group received one tablet of levothyroxine 0.1 mg daily, while the control group received placebo for three months. At the end of three months, the data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16, and the comparison between two groups was measured using paired Student’s t-test, and covariance analysis.
Results: Our study showed that improvement rate based on the overall mix of indicators used for evaluation of menstrual cycle irregularities was 48(80%) and 51(85%) in intervention and control groups respectively. Comparision between the intervention and control groups showed no significant difference in the overall indicators of improvement before and after the intervention in these two groups (P=0.47). However, the comparison of recovery rate based on different signs of irregularities in menstrual cycles in two groups showed that recovery rate based on metrorrhagia was significantly higher in the intervention group (100%) compared to control group. Also, covariance analysis showed that the intervention group had a significantly higher recovery rate based on the duration and the interval of bleedings, and the number of pads used during menstruation, compared to control group the (F=4.352, P=0.006).
Conclusion: Levothyroxine intake can improve the menstrual cycle irregularities in euthyroid women.
Type of Study: Original |
Subject:
Gynecology
Received: 2015/10/21 | Accepted: 2017/02/7 | Published: 2017/08/27
Received: 2015/10/21 | Accepted: 2017/02/7 | Published: 2017/08/27
References
1. Olive DL, Palter SF. Reproductive Physiology. Berek, Novak's Gynecologty. 15th ed. Philadelphia: Williams and Wilkins, 2012, 1012-20.
2. Kaur T, Asseja V, Sharma S. Thyroid dysfunction in dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Webmed Cent Obstet Gynecol (WMCOO) 2011; 2(9): 1-11.
3. Goldstein SR. Menorrhagia and abnormal bleeding before the menopause. Best Pract Res Clin Obtet Gynaecol 2004; 18(1): 59-69. [DOI:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2003.10.003]
4. Sangeeta P, Shailja G, Jasmine K. Thyroid dysfunction in dysfunctional uterine bleeding. J Adv Res Biol Sci 2013; 5(1): 78-83.
5. Borna S, Behjati Ardakani J, Ghanbari Z, et al. Menstrual irregularities in thyroid diseases, Imam Hosptial (1999). Tehran Univ Med J 2002; 60(6): 447-52. (Persian)
6. Padmaleela K, Thomas V, Lavanya KM, et al. Thyroid disorders in dysfunctional uterine bleeding among reproductive age group women. Int J Med Pharm Sci 2013; 4(1): 41-6.
7. Maruna P. Gynecological aspects of thyroid disorders. A review. Ceska Gynekol 2006; 71(4): 332-8.
8. Joshi JV, Bhandarkar SD, Chadha M, et al. Menstrual irregularities and lactation failure may precede thyroid dysfunction or goitre. J Postgrad Med 1993; 39(3): 137-41.
9. Berent D, Zboralski K, Orzechowska A, et al. Thyroid hormones association with depression severity and clinical outcome in patients with major depressive disorder. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41(4): 2419-25. [DOI:10.1007/s11033-014-3097-6]
10. Kalra S, Balhara YP. Euthyroid depression: the role of thyroid hormone. Recent Pat Endocr Metab Immune Drug Discov 2014; 8(1): 38-41. [DOI:10.2174/1872214807666131229130540]
11. Attia AH, Youssef D, Hassan N, et al. Subclinical hyperthyroidism as a potential factor for dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Gynecol Endocrinol 2007; 23(2): 65-8. [DOI:10.1080/09513590601095061]
12. Sweet MG, Schmidt-Dalton TA, Weiss PM, et al. Evaluation and management of abnormal uterine bleeding in premenopausal women. Am Fam Physician 2012; 85(1): 35-43.
13. Gokyildiz S, Aslan E, Beji NK, et al. The effects of menorrhagia on women's quality of life: a case-control study. ISRN Obstet Gynecol 2013; 2013; 918179.
14. Warner PE, Critchley HO, Lumsden MA, et al. Menorrhagia I: measured blood loss, clinical features, and outcome in women with heavy periods: a survey with follow-up data. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2004; 190(5): 1216-23. [DOI:10.1016/j.ajog.2003.11.015]
15. Diaz A, Laufer MR, Breech LL. Menstruation in girls and adolescents: using the menstrual cycle as a vital sign. Pediatrics 2006; 118(5): 2245-50. [DOI:10.1542/peds.2006-2481]
16. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). US. Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use, 2010. MMWR Recomm Rep 2010; 59(RR-4): 1-86.
| Rights and Permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
