Volume 29, Issue 5 (Iran South Med J 2026)
Iran South Med J 2026, 29(5): 271-284 |
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Bakhtiari M, Pazhouhi M, Estehghari M H, Jalili C. The Role of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Onopordon leptolepis in Inhibiting Key Diabetes-Related Enzymes and Improving Pancreatic Beta-Cell Function. Iran South Med J 2026; 29 (5) :271-284
URL: http://ismj.bpums.ac.ir/article-1-2672-en.html
URL: http://ismj.bpums.ac.ir/article-1-2672-en.html
1- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
2- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
3- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
4- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Research Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Scienc-es, Kermanshah, Iran ,cjalili@kums.ac.com
2- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
3- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
4- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Research Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Scienc-es, Kermanshah, Iran ,
Abstract: (38 Views)
Background: Inhibition of enzymes involved in carbohydrate digestion, coupled with improvement of β-cell function, represents a primary objective in the development of antidiabetic medications. The plant Onopordon leptolepis (cotton thistle) exhibits high therapeutic potential due to its phenolic and flavonoid compounds. The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of cotton thistle on the enzymes α-amylase, α-glucosidase and Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), as well as its effect on cell viability, insulin secretion and expression of genes related to β-cell function.
Materials and Methods: A hydroalcoholic extract of the plant was prepared, and its antioxidant activity was measured. The inhibitory effects of the extract on the activities of α-amylase, α-glucosidase and PTP1B enzymes were evaluated. RIN-5F cell line was cultured under standard conditions to assess the effect of the extract on cell viability, insulin secretion and expression of INS I, INS II, IRS-I, IRS-II and IRS-III genes.
Results: Cotton thistle extract reduced the activity of free radicals in a concentration-dependent manner (p ≤ 0.05). Significant inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase and PTP1B enzyme activities was observed (p ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, treatment with the extract at concentrations of 25 and 50 μg/ml increased insulin secretion (p ≤ 0.05). Also, the expression of INS I, INS II, IRS-I, IRS-II and IRS-III genes significantly increased after treatment with the extract (p ≤ 0.05).
Conclusion: Cotton thistle hydroalcoholic extract shows significant antidiabetic effects by inhibiting key glucose-regulating enzymes, reducing free radicals and enhancing the function and expression of genes related to β cells.
Materials and Methods: A hydroalcoholic extract of the plant was prepared, and its antioxidant activity was measured. The inhibitory effects of the extract on the activities of α-amylase, α-glucosidase and PTP1B enzymes were evaluated. RIN-5F cell line was cultured under standard conditions to assess the effect of the extract on cell viability, insulin secretion and expression of INS I, INS II, IRS-I, IRS-II and IRS-III genes.
Results: Cotton thistle extract reduced the activity of free radicals in a concentration-dependent manner (p ≤ 0.05). Significant inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase and PTP1B enzyme activities was observed (p ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, treatment with the extract at concentrations of 25 and 50 μg/ml increased insulin secretion (p ≤ 0.05). Also, the expression of INS I, INS II, IRS-I, IRS-II and IRS-III genes significantly increased after treatment with the extract (p ≤ 0.05).
Conclusion: Cotton thistle hydroalcoholic extract shows significant antidiabetic effects by inhibiting key glucose-regulating enzymes, reducing free radicals and enhancing the function and expression of genes related to β cells.
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Received: 2025/11/29 | Accepted: 2026/09/5 | Published: 2026/10/21
Received: 2025/11/29 | Accepted: 2026/09/5 | Published: 2026/10/21
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